A most fundamental idea exploited by almost everyone against inexperienced/novice opponents is the Scholar’s Mate- also known as the Four Move Check Mate.
Much as it is an exciting idea exploited by players using different variations of opening moves, here’s a look at possible alternatives and combinations and how to refute it playing black and how to possibly best continue as White if the opponent knows the refutation. White could fall sluggishly behind in development losing multiple tempi.